Also known as: Sheydim (Yiddish)
Origin: Jewish
Shedim is a Hebrew word that has become a catch-all term for supernatural beings. It is variously translated as “spirits,” “ghosts,” “demons,” or “supernatural beings.” Shedim is plural; the singular form is shed or sheyd. That root word, sheyd, entered the Yiddish language where it takes many forms:
* Sheydish is an adjective meaning “ghostly” or “supernatural.”
* A sheydl is an imp.
* Sheydim-tanz, literally “dance of the Sheydim” may be a ghost dance, the danse macabre, Walpurgis night revels, or just kids running around really crazy.
Despite modern nebulous definitions, Shedim originally indicated specific types of spirits. According to Jewish folklore, after the expulsion from Eden, Adam left Eve and was temporarily reunited with Lilith. Their many spirit children are the Shedim. Alternatively the Shedim are the children of Naamah and the rebel angels Azazel and Shemhazai. The Shedim are neither wholly benevolent nor malevolent. They may bring illness or torment, but individually can also be friendly, helpful spirits.
The word and the spirits may derive from the Sedim, Assyrian guardian spirits. Alternatively, the word may derive from Shaddai, among the names of the Jewish god.
Highly influential Biblical commentator Rashi (1040–1105) wrote that Shedim have human form and consume food and drink like humans. They are found congregating in cemeteries.
See also: Azazel; Ghost; Imps; Lilith; Mazzik; Naamah